What is Treatment Resistant Depression? This session will help identify and define treatment resistant depression. It will look at current psychotropic strategies being employed including augmentation and will review new modalities such as TMS. Dr. Shaywitz, MD, is a Board Certified Psychiatrist. He received his BA with Honors from Brown University and received his Medical Degree from Harvard Medical School. Dr. Shaywitz completed his residency at UCLA where he was selected chief resident for the Anxiety Disorders Program. Dr. Shaywitz was the Director of the Anxiety Disorders Program at Cedar Sinai, the Medical Director at Glendale Memorial Hospital, the Medical Director of Behavioral Health at Mission Hospital Laguna Beach and Mission Hospital Mission Viejo and Medical Director of La Casa Psychiatric Facility. Dr. Shaywitz was also the Director of Practice Development for Community Psychiatry. He was awarded the Circle of Friends Honor at Cedar Sinai and has published book chapters and journal articles on the treatment of behavioral health disorders and is particularly interested in anxiety disorders and affective disorders. He has completed fellowships at NIMH and Columbia University. He is also the co-author of the 2nd edition of the best selling book published by Knopf "Overcoming Dyslexia". Common definition “major depressive episodes that do not respond satisfactorily after two trials of antidepressant monotherapy” Dr. Charles Conway – JAMA 2017 article on lack of consensus “limits the ability to do comparative treatment research, to understand the biological underpinning of TRD, and produces ambiguous medical insurance coverage issues.” Dr. Philip Wang – APA Director of Research: “Without an agreed upon definition of TRD, different payors may be using different criteria to determine what they will reimburse for… Ideally, you would have a uniform definition so that insurance coverage would be more consistent.” STAR*D Trial – sequential treatment with antidepressants.